November 17, 2023
While a comprehensive assessment of nutritional status is best, there are some simple tests that can help detect common mineral deficiencies. This article provides an overview of these diagnostic methods.
CHECK THE FUR
Examining the feathers can reveal information about mineral status. Some specific changes in hair indicate certain mineral deficiencies:
Copper deficiency: sheep may have hair around their eyes, nose and mouth that is bleached or grey. Horses can also lose coat color.
Zinc deficiency: pale fur patches appear in cattle, sheep, goats, and dogs.
Selenium deficiency: horses have dry, pale-colored coats. The mane and tail feathers break easily and fall out.
Sulfur deficiency: sheep have brittle hair. Poor quality of fur and nails.
BLOOD TESTS
Blood tests directly measure mineral concentrations in the body. Your veterinarian may order testing if signs of deficiency are seen in your animal.
Blood tests check levels of:
Macrominerals: calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, chloride. Imbalances can affect bones, causing milk fever.
Trace minerals: iron, zinc, copper, selenium, iodine, manganese. Deficiency can impair immunity, growth, and reproduction.
Electrolytes such as potassium for dehydrated or muscle depleted animals.
Stool TEST
Fecal analysis indicates the ability to absorb and retain minerals. High levels excreted indicate deficiency. Your veterinarian may order testing when considering dietary changes.
Stool analysis requires fresh stool samples within 12-24 hours.
Usually check minerals: calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, copper, zinc, cobalt.
Results were compared to reference ranges for each species, age and production status.
NOTE:
A combination of multiple tests is needed for a comprehensive assessment.
The test should be repeated from time to time to monitor the condition.
Consult your veterinarian to adjust your diet.
Increase mineral supplementation slowly to avoid excess.
In general, most deficiencies can be corrected with proper testing and mineral supplementation. This supports optimal animal health, growth and productivity.
Source: Ecovet